Prophet Idris: A Pioneer in Astronomy and the Study of the Star

Prophet Idris (peace be upon him) is one of the esteemed prophets in Islamic tradition, recognized for his wisdom and extensive knowledge. The Quran describes him as a truthful prophet whom Allah elevated to a high status, underscoring his significance in history. Among his many contributions, his expertise in astronomy and the study of celestial bodies set him apart, making him a notable figure in the field of early scientific thought.

Prophet Idris’s Contributions to Astronomy and the Stars

1. The First to Write and Study Astronomy

According to Islamic traditions, Prophet Idris was the first to write with a pen, a milestone attributed to him in historical accounts. Some narrations suggest that he not only pioneered writing but also delved into mathematics and astronomy, enabling him to study celestial movements and comprehend planetary systems.

2. Establishing Prayer Times and Determining the Qibla

It is believed that Prophet Idris utilized his knowledge of astronomy to determine prayer times, emphasizing the role of celestial phenomena in Islamic worship. Additionally, he is said to have contributed to the establishment of methods for determining the Qibla, the direction Muslims face in prayer, by observing the movement of the stars.

3. Differentiating Between Beneficial Astronomy and Forbidden Astrology

One of Prophet Idris’s notable teachings was the distinction between the permissible study of celestial bodies—used for timekeeping, navigation, and religious observances—and the prohibited practice of astrology, which involves predicting the future. This differentiation laid the foundation for the ethical use of astronomical knowledge in Islamic civilization.

4. Innovation in Tailoring and Clothing

Historical accounts also credit Prophet Idris with being the first to sew garments using a needle and thread. Before his time, people primarily wore animal hides. This advancement significantly improved human civilization, making clothing more functional and accessible.

5. His Elevated Status

The Quran states: "And We raised him to a high station" (Quran 19:57), highlighting Prophet Idris’s distinguished position. Some scholars interpret this elevation as a physical ascension to the heavens, while others view it as a metaphorical honor acknowledging his knowledge and righteousness.

The Importance of Astronomy in Islam

Astronomy has always played a crucial role in Islamic tradition, serving both practical and spiritual purposes, including:

• Calculating prayer times: Muslims rely on the positions of the sun and moon to determine the five daily prayers.
• Finding the Qibla: Celestial navigation is used to establish the direction of Mecca.
• Developing the Hijri calendar: The Islamic lunar calendar is based on the moon’s cycles.
• Aiding navigation: Early explorers and travelers used astronomy to chart their paths across deserts and seas.

Lessons from the Legacy of Prophet Idris (peace be upon him)

1. The Pursuit of Knowledge: Prophet Idris’s story exemplifies the Islamic emphasis on seeking beneficial knowledge.
2. Ethical Application of Science: His approach to astronomy highlights the importance of using scientific understanding for righteous purposes.
3. Innovation and Progress: From writing to tailoring, Prophet Idris’s contributions demonstrate the value of creativity in advancing civilization.

Conclusion

Prophet Idris (peace be upon him) was a visionary figure whose contributions to astronomy, mathematics, and societal organization paved the way for future advancements. His legacy serves as a testament to the harmonious relationship between faith, science, and ethics in Islam. By distinguishing between beneficial and harmful knowledge, he established a framework that allows Muslims to engage with scientific fields in a manner that aligns with their spiritual beliefs.

At a time when science and religion are often seen as opposing forces, the story of Prophet Idris reminds us that true knowledge is a divine gift meant to serve humanity and glorify the Creator.